Book excerpt: This report aims to identify and analyze specific Nordic reading results and trends from 2000 to 2009. There is focus on weak readers and gender issues, and there are results from an analysis of two Danish national options; one covers tests of basic reading skills, word decoding and vocabulary knowledge, while the other presents results from analysis of oversampling of students with immigrant background. The publication also gives an overview of the school systems in the Nordic countries with a timeline of politically induced changes from 1990 to 2010 – the years of the PISA assessments. An overview of such changes has never previously been provided. The documented changes are used to form possible explanations for trends in PISA reading results in the respective countries.