Book excerpt: Meeting the hygiene needs of patients is a fundamental aspect of nursing care. This practical and introductory guide outlines and emphasises the nursing skills required to meet the essential personal hygiene care needs of patients in various healthcare settings. It explores care of the eyes, ears, mouth, nails and hair, and provides evidence-based rationales for each procedure. Methods of washing the patient are discussed, and bed-making and patient positioning is explored. Each chapter provides the necessary anatomy and physiology, as well as common conditions, safety issues, privacy and dignity, cultural and religious considerations and infection control issues. SPECIAL FEATURES Identifies the theoretical base underpinning clinical procedures Provides a research and evidence base for nursing practice Equips registered and non-registered staff with the knowledge to carry out safe care delivery relating to meeting hygiene needs Incorporates recommendations from The Essence of Care