Book excerpt: This issue of ECS Transactions contains 24 refereed manuscripts from the 46 papers presented over three days at the International Symposium on Pits and Pores IV: New Materials and Applications held in Las Vegas, NV as part of the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, October 10-15, 2010. The Symposium was held in memory of Ulrich Gösele, one of the founders and a key scientist in the field of porous semiconductors who recently passed away. These proceedings are anticipated to be beneficial not only for the tailored preparation of porous materials for various applications but also as a source of insights with respect to the origin and nature of localized dissolution processes in metals and semiconductors.