Book excerpt: Cytogenetics plays an important role in understanding the chromosomal and genetic architecture of plant species. Plant Cytogenetics, Third Edition follows the tradition of its predecessors presenting theoretical and practical aspects of plant cytogenetics. Chapters describe correct handling of plant chromosomes, methods in plant cytogenetics, cell division, reproduction methods, chromosome nomenclature, karyotype analysis, chromosomal aberrations, genome analysis, transgenic crops, and cytogenetics in plant breeding. This new edition begins with a brief introduction on the historical aspect of cytogenetics and flows directly into handling of plant chromosomes by classical and modern cytological techniques, classical Mendelian Genetics, brief description of cell division, and chromosome identification by karyotype analysis. The comprehension of cytogenetics is incomplete without information on the role of aneuploidy in associating a gene on a particular chromosome, and the book covers these methodologies as a primary topic. Covering classical to modern cytogenetics, the book presents to the reader the crucial role of cytogenetics in improving crops.