Book excerpt: With large amounts of revenue at stake, process industries are focusing more on turnaround management as they strive to lengthen the interval between turnarounds. This book outlines a strategy to execute optimized shutdown and turnaround by changing plant operating conditions and inspection techniques. Because shutdown cost for a petroleum refinery is normally 30 percent higher than annual maintenance costs, this book details how to manage the more favorable turnaround option. The author explores different aspects, including philosophy, planning and scheduling, estimation, contractor management, and execution.