Book excerpt: Nineteen-forty-five was a global tipping point. Instead of nations being routinely racist, they were to be anti-racist. Hundreds of years of laissez faire attitudes toward discrimination that permeated all six inhabited continents was officially ending. America was at the fore of this new anti-racist zeitgeist in 1945 and it remains at the fore of the 20% of nations from Europe, North America and Oceania that are committed to anti-racism. These nations have shown how extraordinarily complex it is to end discriminatory practices rooted in history and perpetuated at home, communities, and generally in society. But the fight is young and none of the anti-racist nations are giving up, meanwhile most nations won't even enter the ring. Most nations are demonstrably and unapologetically racist; they see real value in homogenous societies, ordered societies, and privileged and unprivileged people.