Book excerpt: Moving from the 1950s to the present, Zachary Abuza explores Vietnamese politics and culture through the lens of the internal debates over political reform. Abuza focuses on issues of representation, intellecutal freedom, the rise of civil society, and the emergence of a loyal opposition, assessing the prospects for change. He finds that, while some mildly dissident groups may add impetus to the effort, internal party protest remains the most legitimate - and most likely - form of political dissent in the country. His analysis offers a compelling portrayal of the extraordinary contradictions that are at the core of contemporary Vietnam. Abuza explores contemporary Vietnamese politics through the lens of the internal debates over political reform.