Book excerpt: Scamell and Gasztowicz on Land Covenants, 2nd edition, brings the material up to date, exploring the types of covenants practitioners have to contend with, and seeking to offer practical advice in this complex and far reaching area of law. The second edition includes coverage of positive covenants and planning covenants which no other title on the market currently offers. A covenant can be either positive or negative. It is important to understand the difference between positive and negative covenants as not all covenants are enforceable and different rules on enforceability apply depending on whether the covenant is positive or negative. Dealing with the impact of Covenants on land affects most conveyancing transactions and is also of vital importance to landowners, developers and others. It is a complex and broad area of law for property lawyers to contend with. The volume of case law on this topic is extensive. Scamell and Gasztowicz on Land Covenants, 2nd edition, is divided into three main parts: Part I – Restrictive Covenants; Part II – Positive and Negative Covenants; Part III: Planning Obligations. It also deals with the special position of local authorities in relation to land covenants, and has comprehensive coverage on freeing land from restrictions.