Book excerpt: The Biology of Musical Performance and Performance-Related Injury presents accurate information on the biological principles and physical processes that underlie the craft of musical performance. It explains concepts and techniques without assuming prior scientific knowledge, providing relevance to both musicians and health professionals who treat performance-related medical conditions. It offers performers and teachers the tools they need to create a rational approach to the development and communication of technique, and provides an insight into the origins of performance-related injury, helping to reduce the risk of such problems by encouraging a technique that is sustainable in the long term.