Book excerpt: Yves-Marie Berce's THE BIRTH OF ABSOLUTISM offers a refreshingly original approach to the history of France between the Edict of Nantes and the personal rule of Louis XIV, a period dominated by the names of two cardinals - Richelieu and Mazarin. Berce brings to the task not only familiarity with the sources and with French historiography, but also a thorough knowledge of the large body of English and American research on seventeenth-century France. This has enabled him to escape the diminishing perspective of the older French school, the 'grand history told from Paris' which reduced the course of events to an account of the inevitable triumph of the 'Royal state'. Berce emphasises the degree to which the French Crown remained beset by an aristocratic faction only too ready to avail itself of royal minorities, religious dissent or provincial grievances in the pursuit of its own ambitions.