Book excerpt: This critical exploration of how we define lyric poetry is “thorough, penetrating, and on the cutting edge of contemporary scholarship” (Choice). As a literary mode “lyric” is difficult to define. The term is conventionally applied to brief, songlike poems expressing the speaker’s interior thoughts, but many critics have questioned the underlying assumptions of this definition. While many people associate lyric with the Romantic era, Heather Dubrow turns instead to the poetry of early modern England. The Challenges of Orpheus confronts widespread assumptions about lyric, exploring such topics as its relationship to its audiences, the impact of material conditions of production and other cultural pressures, lyric’s negotiations of gender, and the interactions and tensions between lyric and narrative. Dubrow offers fresh perspectives on major texts of the period—from Sir Thomas Wyatt’s “My lute awake” to John Milton’s Nativity Ode—as well as poems by lesser-known figures. She also extends her critical conclusions to poetry in other historical periods and to the relationship between creative writers and critics, recommending new directions for the study of lyric and of genre. A Choice Magazine Outstanding Academic Title