Book excerpt: "The First Essay on the Political Rights of Women" by marquis de Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat Condorcet, translated by Alice Drysdale Vickery, is a groundbreaking exploration of women's political rights. Condorcet's influential essay argues for the inclusion of women in political decision-making, challenging the prevailing notions of gender inequality. Vickery's translation preserves the essence of Condorcet's impassioned advocacy, providing readers with insights into the early discussions around gender equality and political participation.