Book excerpt: The link between the religion of biblical Israel and the religion we now identify as rabbinic Judaism is often controversial. The controversy is often linked to theological agendas rather than an honest approach to Israel's history. The religion of ancient Israel is linked to rabbinic Judaism is many ways. The two are linked by a shared belief in the one supreme God who created the world, chose the the Jewish people to be His people. This relationship is based on a covenantal relationship and is reflected in a shared attachment to the land of Israel, Jerusalem, and Temple, and the same sacred calendar.The religion of biblical Israel slowly transformed into what we now refer to as rabbinic Judaism through a process which saw the emergence of the biblical canon. The canon was analyzed, interpreted, and lived out in practical ways. That process of interpretation led to the rise of sectarian groups each vying for its correct interpretation of sacred texts.