Book excerpt: We are pleased to announce the launch of the 2nd Edition of "Women in Science: Biomaterials Science" Research Topic in Frontiers in Biomaterials Science. At present, less than 30% of all researchers worldwide are women and similar ratios are seen in the science community, particularly in the US. Long-standing biases and gender stereotypes are discouraging girls and women away from science-related fields, and STEM research in particular. Science and gender equality are, however, essential to ensure sustainable development as highlighted by UNESCO. In order to change traditional mindsets, gender equality must be promoted, stereotypes defeated, and girls and women should be encouraged to pursue STEM careers.